Gamification-based learning framework for a programming course

Students occasionally find it difficult to learn new programming languages. Previous work showed that students have experienced ineffective learning, lack of interest towards this course and lack of motivation. The rationale for this is that in previous studies, some researchers have mentioned the use of game elements but none have mentioned a gamification framework that integrates the requirements for learning programming language subjects. Therefore, this study proposed gamification framework that consists of game elements and programming learning requirements. This framework is verified by lecturers and students. The findings shown, the mean score of each combination of programming learning requirements and game elements is more than 4.00.