Improved power sharing with a back-to-back converter and state-feedback control in a utility-connected microgrid

This study puts forward a strategy for optimal power sharing control in a microgrid that is connected to a utility grid through a back-to-back (B2B) converter. In grid-connected mode, the B2B converter totally isolates the microgrid from the utility grid in terms of voltage and frequency. In the proposed strategy, a pre-specified amount of power exchanged between the utility grid and the microgrid is regulated via active/reactive control in the B2B converter. This regulation means that distributed generation (DG) units supply the rest of microgrid load demand and track load changes through droop control. In both the voltage source inverter (VSI) of the B2B converter and the DG units, state-feedback control is employed as an inner control loop for tracking the state variable reference signals generated by the corresponding outer loops of the variables. Microgrid stability is essential and highly affected by controller parameters, droop coefficients, and the components of inductor-capacitor-inductor filters. In this regard, control is formulated as an optimization problem, for which particle swarm optimization is used to optimally calculate the parameters of the system and the controllers. Objective functions are derived by minimizing an eigenvalue-based function. The PSCAD simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed control strategy.