Small wearable antennas for wireless communication and medical systems

Wearable communication industry is in rapid growth in the last decade. Small antennas are crucial in the development of wearable wireless communications systems. Low efficiency is the major disadvantage of small antennas. Novel technologies, such as Meta material and fractal antennas, are used to improve the efficiency of small antennas. New wearable meta-materials and fractal antennas with high efficiency are presented in this paper. All antennas were analyzed by using 3D full-wave software. The antennas electrical parameters on the human body are presented. The gain and directivity of a the antenna with Split-ring resonators, SRR, is higher by 2.5dB than the patch antenna without SRR. The resonant frequency of the antennas with SRR is lower by 5% to 10% than the antennas without SRR. Fractal antennas are very compact, multiband, and have useful applications in wireless communication system. Wide band wearable slot antennas, bandwidth of 57% for VSWR better than 2:1, are also presented.