A Novel Centralized Wide Area Protection “CWAP” in Phase Portrait Based on Pilot Wire Including Phase Comparison

A new centralized wide area protection (CWAP) to protect large scale complex grid is presented. The principle of protection depends on a combination of two types of pilot wire relays (current differential scheme and phase comparison scheme). The phase comparison scheme is mainly used for error cancellation between two corresponding areas. The new idea depends on data collected from different phasor measurement units (PMUs) deployed on a real interconnected 500/200 kV grid. The current signals and phase angles measured by PMUs are used for identifying the faults between two different areas. The CWAP processes the data collected from a phasor data concentrator. The phase portrait as a geometric solution for solving the dynamic equations is used for identifying the faulted areas. The CWAP scheme is reliable and stable for long transmission lines with wide area grid. The simulation of the interconnected system 500/200 kV network using MATLAB/Simulink is used.