Multi-objective optimization of costs and pollutants in order to manage the sustainable supply chain of bio-fuels

Considering the importance of supply chain performance, the investigation of the relationship between supply chain performance and supply chain sustainability is substantial too. On the other hand, energy is considered in the center of environmental, social and economic analysis, and effects on the elements of sustainability. In this paper a sustainable model is represented to optimize the supply chain of biofuels through a two-objective mathematical model by taking into account both economic and environmental objectives. The presented model is consists of three levels that are biomass fields, bio-refineries and distribution centers. The model also consider uncertainty, limited availability of transportation facilities, nitrogen dioxide and carbon monoxide emissions. In order to solve the model, the weighted sum method in GAMS software has been applied based on different weights according to the importance of each objective. Finally, the analytical results demonstrate the validity of the presented model.