Consideration on primary control reserve provision by industrial microgrids in grid-coupled operation

Battery storage systems are able to provide primary control reserve, which is demonstrated by various projects worldwide. The typical utilization profile within this application consists of several thousand cycles with very small depth of discharge. This paper presents an application of a battery storage system within an industrial microgrid that should provide primary control reserve in addition to the original energy management in grid-coupled operation. The goal of this battery multi-purpose application is maximum economic efficiency. For the combined operation a rule based algorithm is presented, which exploits the application specific degrees of freedom in primary control reserve provision under the German regulatory framework. For a correct billing, a clear separation between the primary control provision and other components of the storage power setpoint is necessary. This is ensured by separate measurement and setpoint processing. To compare the different application combinations and system designs a battery lifetime simulation is executed. The simulation results show a 20 % increase revenue to cost ratio compared to the single application.