A novel technique for underwater object detection using 3D EM sensor network

Localization of objects in underwater environment using electromagnetic (EM) wave based underwater wireless sensor networks (UWSNs) provides the opportunity of faster object detection in comparison with acoustic wave based networks. For this purpose, we propose a novel technique using the law of reflection and spheres with different radii in three dimensional (3D) space. The overall system comprises of a source (transmitter), sensors in a sensor field, cluster heads and an onshore base station (BS). The system is divided in various zones with each zone having a number of spheres. If the object is in the propagation path of the transmitted EM wave, signal gets reflected and is received by one or multiple sensors. Information of location of these sensors is subsequently transferred to the onshore BS which then calculates the location of the object using the proposed algorithm. To assess the performance of the proposed system in a seawater environment, substantial simulations are carried out.