Mobility management of Internet of Things: Protocols, challenges and open issues

Present day applications and technologies are continuing to drive the growth and demand in existing, and emerging fields of research. The largest change encouraging many researchers and academics to study and businesses to invest in, is the Internet of Things (IoT). IoT devices are mainly Mobile Nodes (MNs) that require Mobility Management Protocols (MMPs) to be in place, to provide transparent services to users without experiencing interruptions or disconnections. Several issues and challenges impact the communication existing between mobile nodes within a mobile IP enabled network such as packet loss, end-to-end delay, increased handover latency, increased signalling costs and power consumption. Some of the issues can be minimised by implementing new mobile IP protocols or through enhancing existing ones. This paper discusses and examines some of the important issues and challenges along with a comparative analysis and comparison of mobility management protocols and characteristics in common.