A grid-based energy saving scheme with traffic map in heterogeneous dense 5G network

Due to the development of Internet of Things (IoT) which leads to the upsurge of traffic requirement as well as global energy resources shortage, the concept of `Green communication and Networking' becomes a hot research topic. Energy saving in dense cellular network could be achieved by many approaches. The algorithm of base station switch ON-OFF algorithm with grid-based traffic map is proposed to achieve higher efficiency and lower power consumption in this paper. The algorithm includes network model, power consumption model and operation model. First the heterogeneous network (HetNet) is constructed and traffic map is generated using Voronoi tessellation and Sibson natural neighbor interpolation algorithm. Then different power consumption models of macro-cell base stations (MBS) and small-cell base stations (SBS) are considered. Since the power consumption of SBSs in HetNet are huge, in order to reduce the total power consumption of the HetNet, the operation modes of SBSs are dynamically changed and the MBSs are set active to avoid service failure and provide seamless coverage. SBSs are automatically switched on/off based on the traffic characteristic, load condition and power consumption model. The simulations are implemented to show the energy saving performance of proposed scheme.