Compact phi-shaped tri-state reconfigurable dual-band antenna for wireless applications

A compact phi-shaped tri-state dual-band reconfigurable antenna for Bluetooth, WiMAX, and WLAN application is proposed. The reconfigurable antenna is fed by a 50Ω coplanar waveguide (CPW), and consists of three radiation elements embedded with four PIN diodes. Modifying the effective electrical length of the antenna by controlling four PIN diodes, the antenna achieves tri-state dual-band: state one with certain dual-band (2.4–2.4835GHz and 3.3–3.8GHz), state two with certain dual-band (3.3–3.8GHz and 5.15–5.5GHz), and state three with certain dual-band (2.4–2.4835 GHz and 3.3–5.825GHz). Meanwhile, the antenna works at three states with omnidirectional radiation patterns. Measured results are in good agreement with simulations, which denotes that it is suitable for wireless communication systems.