Hierarchical clustering based routing technique for overall efficiency of WSN

Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) have come into a lot of demand in recent times. One of the main components of a WSN is its battery. A wireless sensor always depends on the battery power to operate. Considering this limited amount of energy source, each sensor has to work in co-ordination with remaining sensors in the wireless sensor network to transmit data to a destination as required by the application. The complete lifetime of a wireless sensor network strongly depends on factors such as how the relaying neighbours are selected by the sensor and the data path taken to reach the destination. Energy consumed is more for transmission of data from the Cluster Head (CH) to the Base Station (BS). Even more if the distance between them is high. It is obvious that by reducing any energy consumption components will minimize the overall energy consumption of the entire network. Since these sensors are usually deployed in remote areas where the charging or replacement of batteries is not feasible, new methods should be designed to increase the network lifetime. In this paper we propose a method to address these factors. With the help of Centrality based CH election and the Gateway nodes, the results of the simulation prove the efficiency of this method.