Electronically-tunable resonant blazed metasurface grating

Blazed gratings have so far been made tunable by mechanically changing the grating geometry, such as its periodicity. In this work, a low-profile planar blazed metasurface grating is demonstrated which is electronically tunable, with no moving or mechanically changing parts. The reflective metasurface is comprised of planar patch resonators with a cutting slot loaded with a surface mount varactor in each unit cell. Coupling of the incident wave to the resonant surface provides a high efficiency back reflection or blazing. We show that by changing the DC bias, we are able to control the blazing frequency and the reflection angle of the operation. This tuning has been confirmed by simulations and measurements for the Transverse Magnetic polarized incident wave within the X band.