Study of detecting and overcoming black hole attacks in MANET: A review

Mobile Ad-hoc Networks (MANETs) are networks in which nodes configure themselves in dynamic topology without any centralized system. MANET's nodes communicate with each other by forming a dynamic wireless link without using previous infrastructure. In the MANETs any node can enter or leave a network at any time. Nodes can send or receive the data by using defined routing protocols and mobility models. Due to the unavailability of centralized system, MANETs are exposed to different network layer attacks. Worm Hole, Black Hole, Gray Hole, Byzantine and Sybil Attacks are some of the examples of network layer attacks, which destroys network topology resulting in data loss and network degradation. In the Black Hole Attack, a node proclaims itself as having closest paths to all the destinations. This node absorbs all the data packets of network by exploiting the routing protocol thus degrading network performance. In this Paper, we have discussed different techniques that can be used to detect and prevent MANETs from black hole attacks.