Towards a wearable perspiration sensor

There has been a growing interest in sweat-based sensors in the past several decades as eccrine sweat contains many metabolites of physiological significance. In particular, perspiration sensing is important not only for wellness monitoring and performance analysis, but also replenishment of metabolically significant ions and metabolites such as Na⁺, Cl^- K⁺, and glucose. This study aims to develop a technology for a miniaturized and wearable system for perspiration monitoring by integrating serpentine-shaped interdigitated electrodes as an impedance sensor interfaced with a flexible low-power circuit system. In this paper, we demonstrated that the wearable perspiration system could track the changes of impedance of a simulated sweat solution as close to a benchtop potentiostat. This wearable system holds a significant potential for performance, wellness and health tracking.