Quantification of Ethanol Concentration in Gasoline Using Cuprous Oxide Coated Long Period Fiber Gratings

It is reported a new optical sensing system, based on long period fiber gratings (LPFGs) coated with cuprous oxide (Cu
₂
O), for the quantification of ethanol concentration in ethanol-gasoline mixtures. The detection principle is based on the spectral features dependence of the Cu
₂
O coated LPFGs on the refractive index of the surrounding medium. The chemical constitution of the ethanol-gasoline samples was obtained by gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC) and GC thermal conductivity detection. Two different modes of operation are presented, wavelength shift and optical power shift mode of operation, with good linear relations between ethanol concentration and the corresponding spectral features of the LPFGs, R
²
=0.999 and 0.996, respectively. In the range of ethanol concentration up to 30% v/v, the sensitivities were 0.76 ± 0.01 nm/% v/v and 0.125 ± 0.003 dB/% v/v with resolutions of 0.21% v/v and 0.73% v/v and limits of detection of 1.63% v/v and 2.10% v/v, for the for the same operation modes, respectively.