Quantitative determination of ethyl alcohol in blood, by gas chromatography

Ethanol or alcohol, C₂H₅OH, it can be obtained by synthesis, but especially by the fermentation of sugars. Fermentation of sugars is used to obtain the highest amount of alcohol. The chronic consumption of alcoholic beverages in large quantities leads to the disease of the liver, kidneys, cardiovascular system, nervous system, gastritis. Chronic alcoholism is a form of drug abuse. A 1% alcohol can be achieved by ingesting 1g/kg body of ethanol. The paper presents a method of qualitative and quantitative determination of ethanol in blood, implemented on a gas chromatograph system coupled with a flame ionization detector (GC-FID). The introduction of samples into the system is done in the form of vapors through a head space device. The presence of a xenobiotic in the carrier gas in the detector leads to the modification of the ionization of the atmosphere, which results in the generation of an electric current proportional to the amount of xenobiotic at the detector output. This fact results in the appearance on a chromatogram gas of a peak whose area or height is proportional to the amount of xenobiotic.