Capacity and energy management in massive mimo and heterogeneous small cell networks

Growing demands of high-quality data rate, coverage area, latency and efficient resource management in the heterogeneous network are addressed by Massive MIMO (M-MIMO) and Heterogeneous Small Cell Network (HSCN). M-MIMO systems with a large number of transceiver antenna arrays achieve high spatial multiplexing. The channel reciprocity is best exploited by linearly increasing the overhead of incoming UEs. The limitations of M-MIMO are pilot contamination and antenna correlation. Resource sharing by less number of UEs exploit high spatial domains in densely deployed heterogeneous small cells. The limitations of HSCN are seaming coverage (due to mobility) and high QoS. In this paper, we discuss the capacity and energy management techniques in M-MIMO and HSCN. The performance of M-MIMO is enhanced by increasing the number of orthogonal pilot sequence, varying transmission power and adjusting 1D, 2D and 3D antenna arrays. This paper also explains interference, load balancing and cognitive radio management in M-MIMO and HSCN. The performance of HSCN is enhanced by using the methods such as resource allocation, user association, offloading, scheduling services in hotspots, mmWave and SDN.