An adaptive WSN clustering scheme based on neighborhood energy level

Hierarchical routing protocol has the advantage of good scalability for WSN network. However classic hierarchical protocol such as LEACH has the energy hole problem. In this paper, a distributed clustering scheme based on neighborhood energy level is proposed to handle this issue. Our scheme dynamically adjust the cluster head selection probability by considering difference between the residual energy of a node and the average energy of its one-hop neighbor nodes. Having finished cluster heads selection, a by-election mechanism of cluster heads is introduced, which aims to find out cluster heads in sparse region and optimize the distribution of cluster heads by compensation. Simulation results show that compared with LEACH protocol, the proposed clustering algorithm is able to extend life cycle of wireless sensor networks and balance energy consumption among sensor nodes.