Load frequency control of a multi-area power system with PV penetration: PI and PID approach in presence of time delay

In this paper, a new methodology for load frequency control (LFC) in multi-area power systems is developed based on the closed loop set-point overshoot method. LFCs for each area are designed based on availability of frequency deviation of each area and tie-line power deviation between areas. The PID controllers are tuned based on each area parameters to achieve acceptable response. The PV penetration was introduced and found tolerable with the tuned PI and PID controllers. The proposed controller guarantees stability of the overall closed-loop system in the presence of time delay. Simulation results for a real four-area power system prove the effectiveness of the proposed LFC and show its effectiveness in the presence of time delay.