Inbound handover interference-based margin for load balancing in heterogeneous networks

Inbound handover (HO) or hand-in is accomplished when the user equipment (UE) performs HO from macrocell (MC) to a small cell (SC) [1] [2]. When the UE connects to a SC with a time of stay (ToS) less than a predefined time threshold, this will result in frequent unnecessary HOs and also increase service interruption which in turn will degrade the end user quality of service (QoS). In this paper, we propose an inbound HO method for the purpose of throughput enhancement and load balancing in SC heterogeneous networks (HetNets). The impact of interference from both MC and SC tiers is considered so that the UE is offloaded from congested MC and forced to perform the HO to the SC tier that supplies a sufficient data rate by selecting a proper SC target, which has the highest signal to interference plus noise ratio (SINR), from a reduced neighbour cell list (NCL). The proposed method uses a modified A3 HO triggering condition taking into account the interference and cell load. Results show that our proposed method can perform inbound HO while keeping the throughput to the maximum level. Moreover, the proposed method has significantly minimized the unnecessary inbound HOs and radio link failures compared to the competitive methods. With different network load factors, the proposed method can significantly give a good performance which yields higher throughput for the user and the network as well.