Flexible and Portable Textile-Reflectarray Backed by Frequency Selective Surface

A center fed C-band portable and rollable textilereflectarray (TRA) using frequency selective surface (FSS) is presented. The radiating elements are embroidered on the textile samples using conductive thread. The TRA is made of 15 × 15 elements (8.25 × 8.25λ² at 5.8 GHz) for broadside radiations. The embroidered flexible FSS aims to replace the solid ground plane. The element size variation backed by the FSS provides a 330° phase variation, which is adequate to design the TRA. Wideband multilayer stacked circular patches are utilized as a feed for the TRA. The antenna provides a measured 7.3% of 0.5 dB gain bandwidth, -15 dB sidelobe level, -25 dB cross polarization, and 29% maximum aperture efficiency.