Voltage and frequency control in a Wind-PV-Biogas based rural micro grid with limited grid operation

This paper presents the dynamic performance analysis of a wind-PV-biogas based micro-grid, tied with utility grid. The limited grid operation for constant load share is the novel contribution of this work. The small signal model using power balance equations is developed and used for system voltage (magnitude and angle) and frequency control. The permanent magnet synchronous generator (PMSG) is used for WECS. The voltage source inverter (VSI) is required for WECS and PV systems, to regulate the active and reactive power. The biogas engine using synchronous generator (SG) with automatic voltage regulator (AVR) is to control reactive power and electronic speed governor (ESG) for active power control. The WECS and PV system will supply the load change if the source have sufficient capacity otherwise biogas generator will compensate it. The system is simulated in MATLAB for changing loads with variable input wind and solar power. The ISE tuned PI controllers are used and the simulation results of state variables are plotted.