Rectangular terahertz microstrip patch antenna design for vitamin K2 detection applications

In this paper, a rectangular shaped Terahertz (THz) microstrip patch antenna with a slotted ground has been proposed. The Flame Retardant (FR-4) having a dielectric constant (∊r) of 4.4. The copper having a resistivity of 1.68 × 10⁻⁸ Ωm has been employed in the designing of the proposed antenna. A slot of rectangular shape has been made in the ground for enhancing the various antenna parameters. The proposed antenna has an impedance bandwidth of 444.5 GHz (4.7379 THz to 5.1824 THz) and is resonant at a frequency of 4.952 THz with a minimal return loss of −55.31 dB. The performance of proposed antenna has been scrutinized in terms of return loss (dB), impedance bandwidth (THz), gain (dB), directivity (dBi), VSWR and impedance (ohms). It has been observed that the proposed terahertz rectangular slotted antenna has a directivity and gain of 4.084 dBi and 4.254 dB at the resonant frequency. The proposed antenna has been simulated and designed using CST microwave Studio 2016. The proposed antenna can be suitably used for the detection of vitamin k2, a biomedical application.