A cluster-based geographical routing protocol for multimedia cognitive radio sensor networks

Applying cognitive radio capabilities in wireless sensor networks introduce a new paradigm called Cognitive Radio Sensor Network (CRSN). CRSN enables the sensor nodes as the secondary users to operate on the less crowded frequency bands and access the vacant channels within a frequency band originally licensed to a primary user. In CRSN, the clustering and data routing algorithms used in traditional sensor networks are not directly applicable, because of the new requirements. In this paper, a cluster-based geographical routing protocol for CRSNs is proposed in which the clusters are formed based on the residual energy and spectrum sensing information. Here, the TDMA and CSMA techniques are used for intra-cluster and inter-cluster transmissions, respectively. Simulation results indicate that by adopting this method in wireless sensor networks, the energy consumption and end-to-end delay decrease significantly in comparison to the SCEEM protocol introduced recently.