Efficient environment model for intra-wagon millimeter wave ray-tracing simulation

In the intra-wagon scenario, extensive structures such as the carriage roof, the glass of windows, luggage racks, etc., influence wave propagation. Through building up a variety of intra-wagon models based on different levels of detail of the relevant objects, ray-tracing simulations are made for millimeter wave channels. By comparing with characteristics in the delay and angular domains, we determine the most suitable environment model that can enable designers to attain ideal accuracy of simulation as well as high efficiency for network planning.