Agent-based distributed underfrequency load shedding

A distributed underfrequency load shedding (UFLS) scheme is proposed as a last resort to mitigate the frequency decline. In the agent-based scheme, Paxos and average-consensus protocols are utilized by agents to reach an agreement. The monitoring, estimation, and distribution steps are presented in detail for implementation of the multi-agent system (MAS). Simulation results are provided to validate the performance of the proposed agent-based UFLS scheme, which is being implemented as a demonstrative application of the RIAPS (Resilient Information Architecture Platform for the Smart grid).