Design of reconfigurable slot antenna using varactor diode

In this paper, reconfigurable slot antenna for LTE (2.6GHz), AMT-fixed service (4.5GHz), and WLAN (5.4GHz) applications is presented. There are two L-shaped slots and a U-shaped slot inserted in the ground plane. The size of the antenna is reduced as a result of these slots. There are three varactor diodes inserted in these slots. This is done for the purpose of frequency, directivity, and polarization reconfiguration. The directivities and polarization states of the antenna are changed at different frequencies i.e. at 2.6GHz, 5.4GHz, and at 4.5 GHz. These three different frequencies correspond to different states of the antenna. The states of the antenna are changed by switching the varactor diodes on and off. The varactor diodes are used in this paper as they have the property of fast frequency tuning.