Torque distribution for electric vehicle with four in-wheel motors by considering energy optimization and dynamics performance

This paper presents a torque distribution algorithm aiming to improve both the energy economy and vehicle performance for electric vehicles with four in-wheel motors. To incorporate energy management issue into the torque distribution problem, a mathematical energy efficiency model for the driving motor is built based on experimental data. The design of the multi-objective optimization problem considering the following three factors: energy consumption, road handling and ride comfortability. To solve this complex objective function, an Adaptive Particle Swarm Optimization (APSO) algorithm is adopted to figure out this multi-objective optimization problem. Co-simulation based on CarSim and Simulink indicates that the proposed torque distribution algorithm can improve energy economy, road handling and ride comfortability of the electric vehicle with four in-wheel motors compared with the even-distribution algorithm.