A fan shaped triple band microstrip patch antenna with DGS for X-band applications

A slotted fan shaped microstrip patch antenna with three operating frequencies for radar application is presented. The design model is made to resonate at three frequencies in X-band. The X-band frequency range falls between 8 to 12 Gigahertz and are extensively used in radar applications. The dielectric substrate material used by the antenna is of low cost FR4 (Flame Retardant - Grade 4) Epoxy. To improve the antenna performance, the antenna design is included with Defected Ground Structure (DGS). The Ansoft High Frequency Structural Simulator (HFSS) Version 12 software is used to analyze the results. With 9.93 GHz, 10.81 GHz and 11.56 GHz as the resonant frequencies, a return loss of -18.47 dB, -42.23 dB and -19.74 dB are obtained with 470 MHz, 590 MHz and 420 MHz as the bandwidth respectively. The parameters like gain, bandwidth, return loss and directivity are discussed in the paper.