Measurements and modeling of human blockage effects for multiple millimeter Wave bands

This paper investigates the blockage loss caused by human body at 11, 16, 28, and 32 GHz by measurements and modeling. The measurements are carried out in an office environment by using a vector network analyzer (VNA) and two horn antennas, with one or two persons walking along or across the line connecting the transmitter (Tx) and receiver (Rx). The METIS knife-edge diffraction (KED) model, Kirchhoff KED model, and geometrical theory of diffraction (GTD) model are used to simulate the human blockage effects. The Gaussian model is also used to fit the measurement data. The human blockage effects are compared for the four millimeter wave (mmWave) bands. The results have shown that as the frequency increases, there is no obvious increasing trend of the losses. The METIS KED model, Kirchhoff KED model, and G TD model can simulate the human blockage effects well.