Sensors and target geometry effects on passive source localization using joint time deference of arrival & gain ratio of arrival measurements

Passive localization of an emitter has many applications, especially for Spectrum Surveillance. Localization by time-delay and/or strength of signal when received by a number of spatially separated sensors are investigated in this paper. The effects of geometry and locating of sensors and target are investigated. The results shown the gain of Localization using both time difference of arrival (TDOA) and gain ratio of arrival (GROA) compare to each approach alone and show the approaches sensitivity to above condition. The TDOA has blind lines, and GROA has high sensitivity to target distance, but the joint approach has both advantages and fewer disadvantages.