Energy management system for micro grid pertaining to renewable energy sources: A review

Generation side of the Power industry has taken a major leap towards successfully extracting energy from the different Renewable Energy Sources (RES). Day-by-day continuous efforts are made in order to utilize more energy from these RES rather than depending on the conventional energy sources mainly for these reasons: to attain pollution-free environment, to minimize the fast depletion of the natural reserves and reduce the transmission cost for empowering inaccessible areas. As the combinations of all such Hybrid Energy Sources (HES) together with load constitutes a Micro grid, the real time energy management of these sources to satisfy every demand of the load side with accuracy (without any significant losses) is the main point of consideration. This review paper presents the general idea regarding Energy Management System (EMS) in micro grid, connection modes of EMS, different strategies and control techniques developed and several optimization techniques applied in order to lessen the overall cost of micro grid and to alleviate the deviations between the generation and demand at every instant. Moreover, model of Fuel Cell producing an output voltage of 12.09 V and output current of 0.8638A at an instant has been shown. Again, the wind turbine has been modeled to generate a maximum output power of 11.49 MW.