Particle dynamics in low-energy travelling-wave linacs

In this paper, we present the particle dynamics in low-energy travelling-wave linear accelerators, applying analytical theory, based on Hamiltonian mechanics, and numerical simulations, performed by commercially available codes. The paper is an extension on earlier work, presented at EPAC'98. Cylindrical co-ordinates are used and solenoid magnetic fields are incorporated. The Hamiltonian equations of motion are given and examples of calculations are presented and compared to numerical simulations, yielding excellent agreement between both approaches.