Power system optimization with an inertia study on the IEEE 30-bus test system

Inertia on the power system is an important issue for study and analysis. With the national movement to low inertia green energies, the lack of inertia on the power system could be a significant issue. The purpose of this paper is to include inertia in a power system optimization of the IEEE 30-bus system. The objective function of generation cost is minimized subject to constraints of active power generator limits, active power reserves, and system inertia. As generation is lost on the system, frequency drops. The early response of the system comes from the inertia on the system. With the replacement of large synchronous machines by renewable resources, which are often lower inertia units, the need to maintain a system inertia-constant (Hsys) becomes a necessary goal of power system planners and operators. For our IEEE 30 Bus System with 4 low inertia units, the proposed approach allows the system to maintain 59.7Hz or higher frequency for the loss of 0.0239pu of generation.