A review of finite array modeling via finite-element-and integral-equation-based decomposition methods

There are many techniques available for the design and analysis of finite array structures. For the reader trying to decide what computational method is best suited for the array-design problem at hand, this article will help clarify what factors are important in receiving an expedient and accurate answer. Without getting too technical or exhaustive, this article details some of the relevant aspects of existing computational electromagnetic techniques, explaining some advantages and disadvantages of less-accurate methods compared to the most-accurate methods. This partial review covers several options for finite array design, including approximate methods based on infinite array analysis, brute-force generalized approaches, moderately accurate FEM-based (Finite-Element-Method-based) decomposition techniques, and concludes with a review of efficient and rigorous integral-equation-based methods. Finite array methods based on integral-equation formulations, while the most computationally intense, achieve the most accurate solutions available. When formulated to specifically address finite array problems, these techniques can be highly efficient without compromising generality.