A universal current mode KHN biquad filter using voltage differencing current conveyor

This communication presents a current mode universal biquad filter using voltage differencing current conveyor (VDCC). The proposed filter employs all grounded passive elements. The pole frequency (ω
₀
) and quality factor (Q) can be tuned independently in the present filter structure. The validity of the proposed biquad is verified by PSPICE simulations using 0.18μm TSMC CMOS technology parameters.