Reliability evaluation and economic assessment of micro-grid with V2G electric vehicles coordination

These days the consumption of fossil fuel is increasing substantially and the major proportion of it is consumed by transportation sector. So, electrification of vehicles is one way to minimize their dependence on fossil fuels which also plays a significant role in reducing the greenhouse effect. However, vehicles transformation enhances the electric load which has a significant impact on current power system and upcoming smart grid which may eventually affect the reliability. In this paper, the reliability and economic assessment of micro-grid consisting of renewables as well as diesel generators, considering non-controllable loads as well as controllable EVs load, is investigated. To further improve the reliability of micro-grid, dedicated G2V and V2G periods are considered. Solar irradiation, wind speed and hourly load data of Dammam region are used to examine the proposed model. Sensitivity analysis is well presented to analyze the impact of different combinations of renewable sources and diesel generators, different V2G coordination levels, storage efficiencies and charging/discharging rates on the micro-grid reliability.