Interference due to wind turbines at 30–200 MHz

A large wind farm is projected to be built next to the LOFAR radio telescope's core in 2020. The 45 3 MW turbines with a tip height of 200 m will affect LOFAR's currently fairly radio-quiet area. We present LOFAR observations demonstrating scattering of interference from sources nearby and far from wind turbines in the Netherlands. We also detected direct emission from wind turbines close to one of our German stations. To lower the impact of the prospective wind farm on future LOFAR observations, we signed a convenant stipulating rules for useful co-existence with the wind farm.