The Collective Intelligence concept: A literature review from the behavioral and cognitive perspective

Over the years, the idea of group effectiveness to individual performance in problem solving has fascinated the many minds of researchers, essentially in the field of software agent technology. Group effectiveness focuses on the overall group contribution rather than the individual effort. Some terms which are often associated with the above includes collective effort, global brain and self-organization while there are many more which inter-relates. While group behaviour espouses the main ingredient of such effort, other studies do suggest the potential of a communal cognition is as essential. In this paper, our intention is to provide a systematic review of the influences of behaviour and cognition to the concept of collectiveness in Collective Intelligence.