Channel characterization in high-speed railway station environments at 1.89 GHz

Channel characterization is the prerequisite condition for the research and development of the next-generation high-speed railway (HSR) communication system. Train station is one of typical HSR scenarios, where channel characteristics have not yet been investigated sufficiently. In this paper, wideband multiantenna channel measurements are performed at 1.89 GHz in an open-type train station environment based on long-term evolution networks along Beijing to Tianjin HSR in China. Large-scale characteristics of the HSR station channel, focusing on path loss, shadow fading (SF), and the autocorrelation property of SF, are studied. Moreover, small-scale characteristics, such as Ricean K-factor, delay spread, and spatial correlation, are analyzed and modeled. In addition, the stationary region is characterized using the RUN test method. The obtained results provide useful information for deployment and assessment of the future HSR communication system in the HSR station scenario.