Design and performance analysis of rectangular microstrip patch antenna at 2.45 GHz

This paper presents simulation and performance analysis of a single element rectangular microstrip patch antenna (RMPA) and a 2×1 patch array for Industrial, Scientific and Medical (ISM) band (2.45 GHz). Both the antennas are designed over a Flame Retardant-4 (FR-4) substrate with dielectric constant (ε0) of 3.8, thickness (h) of 1.5 mm and loss tangent of 0.02. The optimum design parameters of the antennas are selected to achieve the compact dimensions, as well as the best possible characteristics such as resonant frequency, high gain, high radiation efficiency etc. Return loss of single element and double element antenna is -38.5 dB and -37.67 dB respectively and gain is 5.49 dB and 8.0 dB respectively. Gain, directivity and bandwidth (BW) enhancement is obtained in two element patch array. Microstrip line feed is used, simulation results are obtained using CST Microwave Studio and the fabricated antennas are measured using Wave and Antenna Training System (WATS-2002).