Cortical Source Localization and Signal Estimation Without Exact Knowledge of the Leadfield Matrix

This paper develops an iterative algorithm for cerebral activity localization and signal estimation when exact knowledge of the leadfield matrix is not available. The algorithm exploits a high resolution localization technique that can determine the number of sources and their locations. A beamformer is designed in order to estimate the dipole source amplitudes, and the EEG signal is reconstructed via a calibration matrix. The performance of the algorithm is quantified in terms of the localization error and the accuracy is validated by applying it to experimental data.