Comparative study and simulation of flat and hierarchical routing protocols for wireless sensor network

Sensor Networks are emerging as a new tool for important applications in diverse fields like military surveillance, habitat monitoring, monitoring and gathering events in hazardous environments, surveillance of buildings, whether monitoring etc, In the research area of wireless sensor networks the Flat and hierarchical routing protocols is a major issue. In this paper we intend to discuss some of the major Flat routing protocols (AODV, DSDV, GSR, FSR, OLSR, SPIN) and hierarchical routing protocols (LEACH-C, LEACH-F, PEGASIS, ZHLS) for wireless sensor networks. First we will discuss the routing protocols in short and later we will compare and simulate the behavior on lifetime and energy using NS2 simulator.