Development of real-time admittance analysis system for residential load monitoring

Residential load management plays an important role in Demand Side Management (DSM) when a more optimized Smart Grid (SG) is envisaged. Actions must be done to address the local and remote control to obtain a load profile matching the available power. The identification of the working cycles of controllable and non-controllable loads, out of an aggregated load profile, is a desirable feature for the implementation of DSM technologies. A detailed knowledge of the loads can be obtained by means of intrusive or non-intrusive methods. Non-intrusive ones are preferred by customers and utilities due to the lower cost, lower hardware complexity, and easy installation. Non-Intrusive Appliances Load Monitoring (NIALM) is not a new concept in order to extract loads signature; it is lately taking more importance with the evolution of the SG technologies. Most of the literature works are devoted to the off-line NILM algorithms. Nevertheless, real-time load monitoring becomes necessary to feed the future Home Energy Management Systems (HEMS); the consumers and the utilities with accurate consumption information. This paper proposes the implementation in Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs) of real-time admittance analysis for residential load monitoring. Explorative experimental results of Non-intrusive Load Monitoring are provided and discussed.