A decentralized charging control of a multiple-receiver wireless power transfer system using ultracapacitor semi-active topology

A decentralized charging control of a multiple-receiver wireless power transfer (WPT) system is proposed and discusses in this paper. Different from charging battery alone systems through WPT technology, using an additional ultracapacitor (UC) combined with the battery alone system could both achieve the power requirement and a high efficiency. Then the charging control problem is converted into a two-stage Stackelberg game with the transmitter, receivers, and loads as players. The objectives of the receivers are to maintain the voltage of the UC pack while the objectives of the loads are to be charged at their preferred charging power. In the first stage, a Stackelberg and a Nash equilibrium are found between the transmitter and receivers. While, in the second stage, an another Stackelberg equilibrium is found between the receivers and the loads. At each control instant, the equilibriums are reached through learning algorithm with KarushKuhnTucker conditions. The simulation results show that the game theoretic approach gives a flexible and efficient performance.