Self-dual basis functions for solving surface Magnetic Field Integral Equation

Dual basis functions (DBFs) have been used widely in conjunction with primary basis functions (PBFs) in the Method of Moments (MoM) for solving electromagnetic integral equations. The DBFs are designed approximately orthogonal to the PBFs, and hence, the DBFs and PBFs reside in different functional spaces. This results in an asymmetry in the impedances of Magnetic Field Integral Equation (MFIE). A question naturally arises, i.e., whether there exist a set of basis functions (BFs) that are dual to themselves. We give an affirmative answer to this question by presenting a set of self-dual basis functions (SDBFs).