Improved propagator method for joint angle and Doppler estimation based on structured least squares

A new propagator method for joint angle and Doppler estimation based on structured least squares (SLS) is proposed. By defining a new propagator matrix the proposed approach reduces the loss of array aperture. In addition, SLS which will take the specific relationship between two parts of the equation into account is utilized to enhance the estimation performance when solving the rotational invariance matrix equations. Simulation results are provided verifying the effectiveness of the proposed method.