A review on electric vehicles and renewable energy synergies in smart grid

Nowadays, global energy system and environment are facing enormous challenges. In the context of energy internet, transport fleet is transitioning to electric, plug-in and fuel cell vehicles and energy utilization are greener. The electric vehicles and renewable energy synergies in smart grid are of great significance for ensuring energy security, preventing air pollution and promoting energy saving and emission reduction. But due to the randomness, intermittent and power electronic of renewable energy, the synergies of electric vehicles and renewable energy are full of challenges. Firstly, the architecture of smart grid and the interaction between electric vehicles and renewable energy are depicted in this paper. Then, the impact of electric vehicles and renewable energy development is analyzed and according to the specific problem, the key technique including smart charging, coordinated scheduling and energy management is investigated. What is more, the economic and environmental impacts of synergies are analyzed. Finally, the existing problems in the current development are discussed and the future directions for electric vehicles and renewable energy are briefly given.