Resilient autonomous systems: Challenges and solutions

Advances in the technology of autonomous systems calls for an examination of the factors that confer resilience on the human-machine system. We identify challenges for teaming between human operators and autonomous systems associated with cognitive demands, trust and operator self-regulation. Solutions to these challenges partly require designing systems for effective signaling of capabilities and “intent” to the human operator. They also require selection and training of operators to team with systems that may simulate intelligent, social behaviors, as well as diagnostic monitoring of operator neurocognitive status. Implementing such solutions supports resilience at a systems level, so that machine and human can compensate for each other's limitations in challenging circumstances.