Hybrid Multilevel Fast Multipole Algorithm—Physical Optics for Impedance Surfaces

A hybrid multilevel fast multipole algorithm-physical optics algorithm is developed for the bistatic radar cross section computation of electrically large objects modeled with the impedance boundary condition. Surface integral equation formulation of the problem is based on the resonance free self-dual integral equation by Yan and Jin. Accuracy of the solutions of the developed methods is studied for various surface impedance values.